When y is the last letter in a word and the y is preceded by a consonant, change the y to i before adding any suffix except those beginning with y: beauty, beautiful fry, fries lady, ladies.Keep the e when the suffix begins with a consonant: state, statement use, useful.Words ending with a silent e: Drop the e before adding a suffix which begins with a vowel: state, stating like, liking.Examples: choose, champ, watch, catch, picture, rapture. When the ch sound is followed by ure or ion, use t. The ch sound: At the beginning of a word, use ch.Examples: rabbit, manner, dagger, banner, drummer. Double Consonants: When b, d, g, m, n, or p appear after a short vowel in a word with two syllables, double the consonant.Examples: mouse, house, found, mount, borrow, row, throw, crow. Ou or Ow: Use ou in the middle of a word and use ow at the end of words other than those that end in n or d.Oi or Oy: Use oi in the middle of a word and use oy at the end of a word.Another way to remember this is: “ I before e except after c, or when sounding like a as in neighbor and weigh.” When the ie/ei combination is not pronounced ee, it is usually spelled ei. E before I: Write e before i when the sound is long a.When there is a c preceding, then it is ei : receipt, receive, ceiling, deceive, conceive. I before E: Write i before e when the sound is long e except after the letter c.Examples: money, honey, many, key, funny. Y as a long E: When y or ey ends a word in an unaccented syllable, the y has the long sound of e.Y as a long I: The letter y makes the long sound of i when it comes at the end of a short word that has no other vowel.Vowel-Consonant- e Pattern: When a short word, or the last syllable of a longer word, ends in this pattern vowel-consonant-e, then the first vowel is usually long and the e is silent.Examples: meat, seat, plain, rain, goat, road, lie, pie. Two-Vowels Together: When two vowels are next to each other, the first vowel is usually long (the sound is the same as the sound of the letter) and the second vowel is silent.If the letter after the vowel is f, l, or s, this letter is often doubled. Examples: cat, dog, man, hat, mom, dad, got. Short-Vowel Rule: When one-syllable words have a vowel in the middle, the vowel usually has a short sound. Spelling is something that everyone has to pay attention to and keep working at it. It is important to realize that learning to spell is a process that is never complete. You can teach yourself to be a better speller.
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